Year After Gaza Ceasefire Deal, Implementation Stalls Amid Violations
One year ago in October 2025, the United States brokered a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas to end the Gaza war. The deal included two phases: Phase one involved a ceasefire, hostage releases, and aid delivery, which took place from October 2025 to January 2026. Phase two, which began in January 2026, aimed to achieve Hamas disarmament, Israeli troop withdrawal, and Gaza's reconstruction through an international Board of Peace. However, significant obstacles persist. In July 2026, parties announced a disarmament agreement, with Israel to withdraw only after Hamas fully disarms. Yet as of October 2026, the ceasefire remains fragile. According to the Palestinian Health Ministry, Israeli forces have killed at least 1,400 to 1,500 Palestinians since the ceasefire took effect, while humanitarian organizations report nearly two million people still lack shelter and 1.4 million face crisis-level hunger. Both sides accuse each other of violations, and negotiations continue with mediation from Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey. The ceasefire has not delivered the comprehensive peace promised.
Key facts
- Trump-brokered ceasefire took effect October 10, 2025, marking phase one of the peace plan
- Phase two began January 14, 2026, focusing on Hamas disarmament and Israeli withdrawal
- Palestinian Health Ministry reports 1,400 to 1,538 Palestinians killed since ceasefire, with nearly one child killed per day
- July 2026 Board of Peace agreement announced Hamas disarmament plan; Israeli withdrawal contingent on completion
- Nearly 2 million lack shelter and 1.4 million face crisis-level hunger one year into ceasefire
- More than 100 humanitarian and civil society organizations declared ceasefire exists in name only as of October 2026
- Negotiations continue between Hamas, Board of Peace, and mediators from Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey
How different outlets framed it
Left-leaning coverage: Progressive outlets and humanitarian organizations emphasize that the ceasefire exists in name only, highlighting Israeli attacks that continue killing Palestinians daily while preventing reconstruction. They stress that the international community has normalized these violations and that aid restrictions prevent families from recovering, framing the situation as a failure of the peace agreement to protect Palestinian lives.
Right-leaning coverage: Right-leaning sources emphasize Israeli security concerns, particularly the condition that Hamas must disarm before Israeli forces withdraw. They highlight reports that Hamas has not upheld its disarmament commitments and present Israeli military operations as necessary responses to ongoing threats, framing the peace process as dependent on Hamas compliance.
Limits of this briefing
Most recent reporting focuses on October 2026 one-year anniversary assessments. Israeli officials' perspectives on violations are drawn from English-language reporting rather than direct statements. Palestinian political divisions and broader West Bank dynamics receive limited coverage in available sources.
Sources
- Washington Post: A US-brokered ceasefire was supposed to end the war in Gaza. A year later, progress has stalled Centre
- Al Jazeera: Gaza ceasefire 'exists in name only', more than 100 NGOs say Left
- Amnesty International: Gaza ceasefire exists in name only, say more than 100 organizations Left
- Council on Foreign Relations: A Guide to the Gaza Peace Deal Centre
- FDD's Long War Journal: Gaza peace plan sees slow progress after Hamas meets in Cairo Right